„Hezbollah” változatai közötti eltérés

A Wikipédiából, a szabad enciklopédiából
[nem ellenőrzött változat][nem ellenőrzött változat]
Tartalom törölve Tartalom hozzáadva
Nincs szerkesztési összefoglaló
Nincs szerkesztési összefoglaló
22. sor: 22. sor:
| elődpárt =
| elődpárt =
| utódpárt =
| utódpárt =
| ideológia = síita dzsihadizmus<ref name="Shiite_jihad">{{Cite report |author=Philip Smyth |date= February 2015 |title= The Shiite Jihad in Syria and Its Regional Effects |url=http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/uploads/Documents/pubs/PolicyFocus138_Smyth-2.pdf |publisher= The Washington Institute for Near East Studies |pages= 7–8 |docket= |asin= |accessdate=March 13, 2015}}</ref><br>Homeinizmus<ref name="Shiite_jihad" /><br>iszlám szocializmus<ref>Ekaterina Stepanova, [http://books.sipri.org/files/RR/SIPRIRR23.pdf Terrorism in Asymmetrical Conflict: Ideological and Structural Aspects] {{Wayback|url=http://books.sipri.org/files/RR/SIPRIRR23.pdf |date=20160310143530 }}, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, Oxford University Press 2008, p. 113</ref><br>Nyugat-ellenesség<ref>{{cite book |last=Levitt |first=Matthew |authorlink=Matthew Levitt |year=2013 |title=Hezbollah: The Global Footprint of Lebanon's Party of God |page=356 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yTJeAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA356&#v=onepage&q&f=false |quote="Hezbollah's anti-Western militancy began with attacks against Western targets in Lebanon, then expanded to attacks abroad intended to exact revenge for actions threatening its or Iran's interests, or to press foreign governments to release captured operatives."}}</ref><ref name="bbc-hi-me">{{cite news|title=Who are Hezbollah|publisher=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4314423.stm |date=May 21, 2008|accessdate=August 15, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n9QycqW1qogC&pg=PA267#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=An International History of Terrorism: Western and Non-Western Experiences |page=267 |quote="Based upon these beliefs, Hezbollah became vehemently anti-West and anti-Israel."}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-MkxxSUSTuEC&pg=PT421#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Criminology: Theories, Patterns & Typology |page=396 |quote="Hezbollah is anti-West and anti-Israel and has engaged in a series of terrorist actions including kidnappings, car bombings, and airline hijackings."}}</ref><br>antiszeminizmus<ref>Julius, Anthony. [https://books.google.com/books?id=BGkSLxDBNTgC&pg=PA529 "Trials of the Diaspora: A History of Anti-Semitism in England."] ''Google Books''. May 1, 2015.</ref><ref>Michael, Robert and Philip Rosen. [https://books.google.com/books?id=d5927rY-UgoC&pg=PA231 "Dictionary of Antisemitism from the Earliest Times to the Present."] ''Google Books''. May 1, 2015.</ref><ref>Perry, Mark. [https://books.google.com/books?id=HDRG-EYhyZ0C&pg=PA158 "Talking to Terrorists: Why America Must Engage with Its Enemies."] ''Google Books''. May 1, 2015</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/International/Analysis-Hezbollahs-lethal-anti-Semitism|title=Analysis: Hezbollah’s lethal anti-Semitism|work=The Jerusalem Post – JPost.com}}</ref><br>imperializmus-ellenesség<ref>{{cite book |last=Elie Alagha |first=Joseph |title=Hizbullah's Documents: From the 1985 Open Letter to the 2009 Manifesto |year=2011 |publisher=Amsterdam University Press |isbn=90-8555-037-8 |pages=15, 20 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b0ntL1fUi8kC&pg=PA15 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Shehata |first=Samer |title=Islamist Politics in the Middle East: Movements and Change |year=2012 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-78361-5 |page=176 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hhl_E-XAeLYC&pg=PA176 }}</ref>
| ideológia = síita dzsihadizmus<ref name="Shiite_jihad">{{Cite report |author=Philip Smyth |date= February 2015 |title= The Shiite Jihad in Syria and Its Regional Effects |url=http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/uploads/Documents/pubs/PolicyFocus138_Smyth-2.pdf |publisher= The Washington Institute for Near East Studies |pages= 7–8 |docket= |asin= |accessdate=March 13, 2015}}</ref><br>Homeinizmus<ref name="Shiite_jihad" /><br>iszlám szocializmus<ref>Ekaterina Stepanova, [http://books.sipri.org/files/RR/SIPRIRR23.pdf Terrorism in Asymmetrical Conflict: Ideological and Structural Aspects] {{Wayback|url=http://books.sipri.org/files/RR/SIPRIRR23.pdf |date=20160310143530 }}, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, Oxford University Press 2008, p. 113</ref><br>Nyugat-ellenesség<ref>{{cite book |last=Levitt |first=Matthew |authorlink=Matthew Levitt |year=2013 |title=Hezbollah: The Global Footprint of Lebanon's Party of God |page=356 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yTJeAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA356&#v=onepage&q&f=false |quote="Hezbollah's anti-Western militancy began with attacks against Western targets in Lebanon, then expanded to attacks abroad intended to exact revenge for actions threatening its or Iran's interests, or to press foreign governments to release captured operatives."}}</ref><ref name="bbc-hi-me">{{cite news|title=Who are Hezbollah|publisher=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4314423.stm |date=May 21, 2008|accessdate=August 15, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n9QycqW1qogC&pg=PA267#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=An International History of Terrorism: Western and Non-Western Experiences |page=267 |quote="Based upon these beliefs, Hezbollah became vehemently anti-West and anti-Israel."}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-MkxxSUSTuEC&pg=PT421#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Criminology: Theories, Patterns & Typology |page=396 |quote="Hezbollah is anti-West and anti-Israel and has engaged in a series of terrorist actions including kidnappings, car bombings, and airline hijackings."}}</ref><br>antiszemitizmus<ref>Julius, Anthony. [https://books.google.com/books?id=BGkSLxDBNTgC&pg=PA529 "Trials of the Diaspora: A History of Anti-Semitism in England."] ''Google Books''. May 1, 2015.</ref><ref>Michael, Robert and Philip Rosen. [https://books.google.com/books?id=d5927rY-UgoC&pg=PA231 "Dictionary of Antisemitism from the Earliest Times to the Present."] ''Google Books''. May 1, 2015.</ref><ref>Perry, Mark. [https://books.google.com/books?id=HDRG-EYhyZ0C&pg=PA158 "Talking to Terrorists: Why America Must Engage with Its Enemies."] ''Google Books''. May 1, 2015</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/International/Analysis-Hezbollahs-lethal-anti-Semitism|title=Analysis: Hezbollah’s lethal anti-Semitism|work=The Jerusalem Post – JPost.com}}</ref><br>imperializmus-ellenesség<ref>{{cite book |last=Elie Alagha |first=Joseph |title=Hizbullah's Documents: From the 1985 Open Letter to the 2009 Manifesto |year=2011 |publisher=Amsterdam University Press |isbn=90-8555-037-8 |pages=15, 20 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b0ntL1fUi8kC&pg=PA15 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Shehata |first=Samer |title=Islamist Politics in the Middle East: Movements and Change |year=2012 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-78361-5 |page=176 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hhl_E-XAeLYC&pg=PA176 }}</ref>
| politikai elhelyezkedés =
| politikai elhelyezkedés =
| parlamenti jelenlét = {{Párt_infobox/Mandátumok|12|128|hex=#F7DF19}}
| tagok száma =
| tagok száma =
| év (tagok száma) =
| év (tagok száma) =

A lap 2019. március 12., 16:41-kori változata

Hezbollah

A Hezbollah zászlaja
A Hezbollah zászlaja
Mottó: فإنّ حزب الله هم الغالبون
Adatok
ElnökHaszan Naszr Alláh

Alapítva1985
SzékházBejrút Libanon

Ideológiasíita dzsihadizmus[1]
Homeinizmus[1]
iszlám szocializmus[2]
Nyugat-ellenesség[3][4][5][6]
antiszemitizmus[7][8][9][10]
imperializmus-ellenesség[11][12]
Parlamenti jelenlét
12 / 128
Hivatalos színeisárga, zöld

Libanon politikai élete
A Wikimédia Commons tartalmaz Hezbollah témájú médiaállományokat.

A Hezbollah ([ˌhɛzbəˈlɑː];[13][14] arabul: حزب الله Ḥizbu 'llāh, azaz Isten Pártja) egy libanoni, síita politikai és félkatonai szervezet. Abbász al-Múszavi 1992-es halálát követően Haszan Naszr Alláh vette át a szervezet vezetését. A Hezbollah besorolása napjainkban is viták tárgyát képezi, hogy terrorszervezetről, vagy törvényes pártról van-e szó. Az Arab Liga, az Amerikai Egyesült Államok, Franciaország, Ausztrália,[15] Kanada,[16] Hollandia és Izrael a szervezetet terrorszervezetnek tekintik.[17] Az Európai Unió, az Egyesült Királyság, Új-Zéland kizárják a szervezet katonai szárnyát és a politikai oldalt erről leválasztva, külön kezelik.[18] Oroszország törvényes szociopolitikai szervezetként tartja nyilván.[19] Kína semleges nézőpontot képvisel.[20]

Jegyzetek

  1. a b Philip Smyth (2015. február 1.). „The Shiite Jihad in Syria and Its Regional Effects”, 7–8. o, Kiadó: The Washington Institute for Near East Studies. (Hozzáférés: 2015. március 13.)  
  2. Ekaterina Stepanova, Terrorism in Asymmetrical Conflict: Ideological and Structural Aspects Archiválva 2016. március 10-i dátummal a Wayback Machine-ben, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, Oxford University Press 2008, p. 113
  3. Levitt, Matthew. Hezbollah: The Global Footprint of Lebanon's Party of God, 356. o. (2013) „"Hezbollah's anti-Western militancy began with attacks against Western targets in Lebanon, then expanded to attacks abroad intended to exact revenge for actions threatening its or Iran's interests, or to press foreign governments to release captured operatives."” 
  4. Who are Hezbollah”, BBC News, 2008. május 21. (Hozzáférés: 2008. augusztus 15.) 
  5. An International History of Terrorism: Western and Non-Western Experiences, 267. o. „"Based upon these beliefs, Hezbollah became vehemently anti-West and anti-Israel."” 
  6. Criminology: Theories, Patterns & Typology, 396. o. „"Hezbollah is anti-West and anti-Israel and has engaged in a series of terrorist actions including kidnappings, car bombings, and airline hijackings."” 
  7. Julius, Anthony. "Trials of the Diaspora: A History of Anti-Semitism in England." Google Books. May 1, 2015.
  8. Michael, Robert and Philip Rosen. "Dictionary of Antisemitism from the Earliest Times to the Present." Google Books. May 1, 2015.
  9. Perry, Mark. "Talking to Terrorists: Why America Must Engage with Its Enemies." Google Books. May 1, 2015
  10. Analysis: Hezbollah’s lethal anti-Semitism. The Jerusalem Post – JPost.com
  11. Elie Alagha, Joseph. Hizbullah's Documents: From the 1985 Open Letter to the 2009 Manifesto. Amsterdam University Press, 15, 20. o. (2011). ISBN 90-8555-037-8 
  12. Shehata, Samer. Islamist Politics in the Middle East: Movements and Change. Routledge, 176. o. (2012). ISBN 0-415-78361-5 
  13. Hezbollah, The Collins English Dictionary. Glasgow: HarperCollins (2013). Hozzáférés ideje: 2013. május 7. 
  14. Hezbollah, Webster's New World College Dictionary. Cleveland: Wiley Publishing, Inc. (2012). Hozzáférés ideje: 2013. május 7. 
  15. Listed terrorist organisations – Hizballah's External Security Organisation (ESO). Australian National Security. (Hozzáférés: 2014. július 11.)
  16. Listed Terrorist Entities – Currently Listed Entities. Government of Canada . Public Safety Canada, 2014. március 24. (Hozzáférés: 2014. július 11.)
  17. Pressure Mounts for EU to Put Hezbollah on Terror List”, Wall Street Journal , 2012. szeptember 7. (Hozzáférés: 2015. június 7.) 
  18. European Union Adds Military Wing of Hezbollah to List of Terrorist Organizations”, New York Times , 2013. július 22. (Hozzáférés: 2013. szeptember 4.) 
  19. ' Russia says Hezbollah, Hamas not terror groups,' The Times of Israel November 16, 2015.
  20. Omar Nashabe, 'China’s Ambassador in Lebanon: Hezbollah Arms a Trade Matter,' 4 May Al-Akhbar, 2012